A legend says that the first Premyslid prince was Přemysl Oráč, who married Libuše, the founder of Prague, but the first documented prince was Bořivoj I. by the Slavic precursors of today's Czechs.Īfter freeing themselves from the rule of the Avars in the seventh century, Bohemia's Slavic inhabitants appeared in the ninth century under the rule of the Premyslids (Přemyslovci), the first historically proven dynasty of Bohemian princes, which lasted until 1306. by Germanic peoples, including the Marcomanni, who then moved southwest and were replaced around 600 C.E. Lying on the crossroads of major Germanic and Slavic tribes during the Migration Period, the area was settled from about 100 B.C.E. ![]() Germanic for "the home of the Boii," a Celtic people. The first unequivocal reference to Bohemia dates back to the Roman times, with names such as Boiohaemum. Four years later, Czechs and Slovaks parted amicably, and Bohemia became part of the Czech Republic. After World War II, Czechoslovakia aligned itself with the communist bloc, from which it was extricated in 1989. The country ceased to exist in 1918, with the formation of the joint state of Czechs and Slovaks: Czechoslovakia. The Coat of arms of the King (and Kingdom) of Bohemia. ![]() For the most part, Bohemia's history was intertwined with that of Germany and Austria, from which it benefited both economically and culturally, while at the same time facing varying degrees of oppression. Led by the ingenious Jan Žižka, the under-armed and under-trained, yet disciplined and arduous, peasant armies believed they were invincible as long as they stayed united in faith. Through the Hussite Wars in the fifteenth century, Bohemia took a stand for the freedom of religion, drawing on the spiritual strength and martyrdom of Jan Hus. The period of glory was repeated under Emperor Rudolph II Habsburg, who embraced artists and scientists from all over Europe. Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor, of the subsequent Luxembourg dynasty established Central Europe's first university in Prague and laid down the formula for the region's economic, cultural, and artistic boom. It is flanked by Germany, Poland, the Czech historical region of Moravia, and Austria, and its border is formed by four mountain ranges.īohemia was unified under the Premyslid dynasty, under whose helm it also became an autonomous part of the Holy Roman Empire after accepting Christianity in the ninth century. It has an area of 52,750 km² and comprises 6 million of the country's 10 million inhabitants. Bohemia is a historical region in central Europe comprising the western and central thirds of the Czech Republic.
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